(a) A biome

(b) A community of plants and animals

(c) A natural ecosystem

(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) A natural ecosystem

(a) They are highly efficient

(b) They are poor in diversity

(c) They are vulnerable to drought, floods and diseases

(d) All are correct

Correct Answer: (d) All are correct

(a) Forests

(b) Grasslands

(c) Great lakes

(d) Oceans

Correct Answer: (d) Oceans

(a) Depends on the man

(b) Depends on plants

(c) Depends on animals

(d) Is auto operated

Correct Answer: (d) Is auto operated

(a) Grassland ecosystem

(b) Agroecosystem

(c) Ecosystem of artificial lakes and dams

(d) Forest ecosystem

Correct Answer: (b) Agroecosystem

(a) primary consumer

(b) secondary consumer

(c) decomposer

(d) the apex of the food pyramid

Correct Answer: (d) the apex of the food pyramid

(a) Always open

(b) Always closed

(c) Both open and closed depending upon the community

(d) Both open and closed depending upon biomass

Correct Answer: (c) Both open and closed depending upon the community

(a) Producers, consumers and decomposers

(b) Producers and consumers

(c) Producers only

(d) Consumers only

Correct Answer: (a) Producers, consumers and decomposers

(a) 170 billion tons

(b) 165 billion tons

(c) 160 billion tons

(d) 155 billion tons

Correct Answer: (a) 170 billion tons

(a) Solar radiation/light

(b) Oxygen

(c) Consumers

(d) Nitrogen

Correct Answer: (a) Solar radiation/light

(a) grassland

(b) scrub forest

(c) xerophytic

(d) evergreen tropical forest

Correct Answer: (c) xerophytic

(a) Imbalance

(b) Homeostasis

(c) Shortage of components

(d) Deficiency of light

Correct Answer: (b) Homeostasis

(a) Plants and animals

(b) Weeds and trees

(c) Biotic and abiotic

(d) Frog and men

Correct Answer: (c) Biotic and abiotic

(a) Mountain

(b) Desert

(c) Forest

(d) Ocean

Correct Answer: (d) Ocean

(a) Gross primary productivity

(b) Secondary productivity

(c) Net primary productivity

(d) Net productivity

Correct Answer: (b) Secondary productivity

(a) unidirectional

(b) bidirectional

(c) multidirectional

(d) All of these

Correct Answer: (a) unidirectional

(a) Consumers

(b) Producers

(c) Decomposers and scavengers

(d) Symbionts

Correct Answer: (c) Decomposers and scavengers

(a) Ant

(b) Sparrow

(c) Earthworm

(d) Rabbit

Correct Answer: (c) Earthworm

(a) Temperature and rainfall

(b) Temperature and soil – moisture

(c) Temperature and humidity

(d) Temperature and pressure

Correct Answer: (b) Temperature and soil – moisture

(a) Mineralisation

(b) Immobilisation

(c) Leaching

(d) Nitrification

Correct Answer: (b) Immobilisation

(a) 5 – 10%

(b) 7 – 10%

(c) 8 – 10%

(d) 2 – 10%

Correct Answer: (d) 2 – 10%

(a) catabolism

(b) standing crop

(c) humification

(d) primary productivity

Correct Answer: (b) standing crop

(a) Producers

(b) Decomposers

(c) Primary consumers

(d) Secondary consumers

Correct Answer: (b) Decomposers

(a) Energy cycle is stopped

(b) Mineral cycle is stopped

(c) Consumers cannot absorb solar energy

(d) Rate of decomposition of mineral increases

Correct Answer: (b) Mineral cycle is stopped

(a) always open

(b) always closed

(c) both open and closed depending upon the community

(d) both open and closed depending upon biomass

Correct Answer: (a) always open

(a) First trophic level (T1)

(b) Second trophic level (T2)

(c) Third trophic level (T3)

(d) Fourth trophic level (T4)

Correct Answer: (a) First trophic level (T1)

(a) low stability and high resilience

(b) high stability and low resilience

(c) low stability and low resilience

(d) high stability and high resilience

Correct Answer: (a) low stability and high resilience

Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?

(a) Tropical deciduous forest

(b) Temperate evergreen forest

(c) Temperate deciduous forest

(d) Tropical rain forest

Correct Answer: (d) Tropical rain forest

(a) low moisture content

(b) poor nitrogen content

(c) the anaerobic environment around them

(d) low cellulose content

Correct Answer: (d) low cellulose content

(a) standing crop

(b) detritus

(c) humus

(d) standing state

Correct Answer: (a) standing crop

(a) Sparrow

(b) Lion

(c) Goat

(d) Frog

Correct Answer: (a) Sparrow

(a) Sulphur cycle

(b) Phosphorus cycle

(c) Nitrogen cycle

(d) Carbon cycle

Correct Answer: (b) Phosphorus cycle

(a) 100 kg

(b) 10 kg

(c) 200 kg

(d) 1 kg

Correct Answer: (b) 10 kg

(a) Lion

(b) Grasshopper

(c) Wolf

(d) Phytoplankton

Correct Answer: (b) Grasshopper

(a) Primary producer

(b) Carnivorous secondary consumer

(c) A decomposer

(d) Herbivorous

Correct Answer: (b) Carnivorous secondary consumer

(a) 30%

(b) 20%

(c) 10%

(d) 1%

Correct Answer: (d) 1%

(a) Lion & Bees

(b) Deer & Bees

(c) Snakes & Earthworm

(d) Crow & Cow

Correct Answer: (d) Crow & Cow

(a) Primary consumer

(b) Secondary consumer

(c) Top consumer

(d) Decomposers

Correct Answer: (a) Primary consumer

(a) Pyramid of number

(b) Pyramid of biomass

(c) Pyramid of volume

(d) Pyramid of energy

Correct Answer: (b) Pyramid of biomass

(a) microscopic animals

(b) bacteria and fungi

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) Bacteria, fungi and microscopic animals

Correct Answer: (b) bacteria and fungi

(a) 100 kg

(b) 10 kg

(c) 1 kg

(d) 100 gm

Correct Answer: (b) 10 kg

(a) Upright

(b) Inverted

(c) Rhomboidal

(d) Both (a) and (b)

Correct Answer: (b) Inverted

(a) Pyramid of energy

(b) Pyramid of number

(c) Pyramid of biomass

(d) None of above

Correct Answer: (c) Pyramid of biomass

(a) To convert organic compound into an inorganic form

(b) To utilize chemical energy

(c) To trap solar energy and convert it into chemical energy

(d) To release energy

Correct Answer: (c) To trap solar energy and convert it into chemical energy

(a) Three or four

(b) Three

(c) Two

(d) One

Correct Answer: (a) Three or four

(a) Primary producers

(b) Primary consumers

(c) Secondary consumers

(d) Decomposers

Correct Answer: (b) Primary consumers

(a) savannah

(b) deciduous forest

(c) evergreen forest

(d) tropical rain forest

Correct Answer: (a) savannah

(a) Photoperiod Active Radiation

(b) Photosynthetically Active Radiation

(c) Photoperiod Active Resources

(d) Photosynthetically Active Resources.

Correct Answer: (b) Photosynthetically Active Radiation

(a) producers

(b) herbivores

(c) carnivores

(d) omnivores

Correct Answer: (c) carnivores

(a) increased total energy

(b) less total energy content

(c) more total energy content

(d) non-estimated energy content

Correct Answer: (b) less total energy content

(a) Lindeman

(b) Carl Mobius

(c) Tansley

(d) Darwin

Correct Answer: (a) Lindeman

(a) energy

(b) number

(c) biomass

(d) both (a) and (c)

Correct Answer: (b) number

(a) protect themselves from heat.

(b) save energy.

(c) enhance the rate of respiration.

(d) prevent loss of water.

Correct Answer: (d) prevent loss of water.

(a) Mesosere

(b) Lethasere

(c) Psammosere

(d) Halosere

Correct Answer: (d) Halosere

(a) keystone species

(b) extinct species

(c) pioneer species

(d) rare species

Correct Answer: (c) pioneer species

(a) Phosphorus

(b) Carbon

(c) Oxygen

(d) Nitrogen

Correct Answer: (a) Phosphorus

(a) Annual herb

(b) Perennial herb

(c) Scrub stage

(d) Lichen

Correct Answer: (d) Lichen

(a) Ferns

(b) Mosses

(c) Lichens

(d) Diatoms

Correct Answer: (c) Lichens

(a) Pioneer community

(b) Seral community

(c) Biotic community

(d) Ecosphere

Correct Answer: (a) Pioneer community

(a) Seral community

(b) Pioneer community

(c) Ecosere

(d) Climax community

Correct Answer: (d) Climax community

(a) Seral community

(b) Biotic community

(c) Temporary community

(d) Ecosphere

Correct Answer: (a) Seral community

(a) producers

(b) consumers

(c) decomposers

(d) All of these

Correct Answer: (c) decomposers

(a) Psammosere

(b) Xerosere

(c) Halosere

(d) Hydrosere

Correct Answer: (a) Psammosere

(a) decrease

(b) increase and then decrease

(c) no relation

(d) increase continuously

Correct Answer: (d) increase continuously

(a) Aquatic ecosystem

(b) Grassland ecosystem

(c) Forest ecosystem

(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Aquatic ecosystem

(a) Potassium

(b) Carbon

(c) Free energy

(d) Nitrogen

Correct Answer: (c) Free energy

(a) Marine ecosystem

(b) Freshwater ecosystem

(c) Desert ecosystem

(d) Tropical ecosystem

Correct Answer: (a) Marine ecosystem

(a) Secondary Production

(b) Tertiary Production

(c) Gross Production (GP)

(d) Net Production (NP)

Correct Answer: (c) Gross Production (GP)

(a) polar ice

(b) glaciers and mountains

(c) Antarctica

(d) Greenland

Correct Answer: (a) polar ice

(a) Number of individuals

(b) Rate of energy flow

(c) Fresh weight

(d) Dry weight

Correct Answer: (c) Fresh weight

(a) grasslands

(b) agroecosystems

(c) oceans

(d) forests

Correct Answer: (c) oceans

than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?

(a) Fish

(b) Zooplankton

(c) Frog

(d) Phytoplankton

Correct Answer: (a) Fish

(a) net primary productivity

(b) secondary productivity

(c) standing crop

(d) gross primary productivity

Correct Answer: (a) net primary productivity

(a) Its base is broad

(b) It shows the energy content of different trophic level organisms

(c) It is inverted in shape

(d) It is upright in shape

Correct Answer: (c) It is inverted in shape

(a) medium water conditions

(b) xeric conditions

(c) highly dry conditions

(d) excessive wet conditions

Correct Answer: (a) medium water conditions

(a) net productivity

(b) secondary productivity

(c) net primary productivity

(d) gross primary productivity

Correct Answer: (b) secondary productivity

(a) Energy flow

(b) Decomposition

(c) Productivity

(d) Stratification

Correct Answer: (d) Stratification

(a) Animal bones

(b) Rock

(c) Fossils

(d) Seawater

Correct Answer: (b) Rock

(a) saline soils

(b) sandy soils

(c) marshy places and salt lakes

(d) dryland regions

Correct Answer: (c) marshy places and salt lakes

(a) Zooplankton

(b) Small plants

(c) Fish

(d) Man

Correct Answer: (b) Small plants

(a) Forest

(b) Marine

(c) Grassland

(d) Tundra

Correct Answer: (b) Marine

(a) Spirogyra

(b) Agaricus

(c) Volvox

(d) Nostoc

Correct Answer: (b) Agaricus

(a) Deserts

(b) Tropical rain forests

(c) Oceans

(d) Estuaries

Correct Answer: (b) Tropical rain forests

(a) Always upright

(b) Always inverted

(c) Either upright or inverted

(d) Neither upright nor inverted

Correct Answer: (c) Either upright or inverted

(a) Less than 1%

(b) 2 – 10%

(c) 30%

(d) 50%

Correct Answer: (b) 2 – 10%

(a) Tropical rain forest

(b) the Antarctic

(c) Dry arid region

(d) Alpine region

Correct Answer: (a) Tropical rain forest

(a) 1%

(b) 10%

(c) 40%

(d) 90%

Correct Answer: (b) 10%

(a) orderly and sequential

(b) random

(c) very quick

(d) not influenced by the physical environment

Correct Answer: (a) orderly and sequential

(a) non-equilibrium

(b) equilibrium

(c) disorder

(d) constant change

Correct Answer: (b) equilibrium

(a) Phosphorus

(b) Nitrogen

(c) Sulphur

(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

(a) stratosphere

(b) atmosphere

(c) ionosphere

(d) lithosphere

Correct Answer: (b) atmosphere

(a) scavenger

(b) tertiary producer

(c) tertiary consumer

(d) secondary consumer

Correct Answer: (c) tertiary consumer

(a) Grassland

(b) Shrubby forest

(c) Desert

(d) Mangrove

Correct Answer: (c) Desert

(a) pelagic zone

(b) benthic zone

(c) lentic zone

(d) littoral zone

Correct Answer: (d) littoral zone

(a) water

(b) soil

(c) relative humidity

(d) altitude

Correct Answer: (b) soil

(a) Cycling of nutrients

(b) Prevention of soil erosion

(c) Pollutant absorption and reduction of the threat of global warming

(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

(a) Animal bones

(b) Rock

(c) Fossils

(d) Seawater

Correct Answer: (b) Rock

(a) Parasite

(b) Consumer

(c) Decomposer

(d) Producer

Correct Answer: (b) Consumer

(a) Lion

(b) Grasshopper

(c) Wolf

(d) Phytoplankton

Correct Answer: (b) Grasshopper

(a) Zooplankton

(b) Small plants

(c) Fish

(d) Man

Correct Answer: (b) Small plants

(a) High percentage of young individuals

(b) High percentage of old individuals

(c) Low percentage of young individuals

(d) A stable population

Correct Answer: (a) High percentage of young individuals

(a) Stratification

(b) Zonation

(c) Pyramid

(d) Divergence

Correct Answer: (a) Stratification

(a) Standing state

(b) Net primary productivity

(c) Standing crop

(d) Gross primary productivity

Correct Answer: (c) Standing crop

(a) Gross primary productivity

(b) Secondary productivity

(c) Net productivity

(d) Net primary productivity

Correct Answer: (a) Gross primary productivity

(a) Degraded forest

(b) Newly created pond

(c) Newly cooled lava

(d) Bare rock

Correct Answer: (a) Degraded forest

(a) Biodeterioration

(b) Biotransformation

(c) Biogeochemical

(d) Biomagnification

Correct Answer: (d) Biomagnification

(a) Xanthophyll

(b) Carotene

(c) Cytochrome

(d) Leghemoglobin

Correct Answer: (d) Leghemoglobin

(a) Biotic community

(b) Ecosystem

(c) Population

(d) Ecological niche

Correct Answer: (a) Biotic community

(a) secondary consumers

(b) tertiary consumers

(c) detritivores

(d) primary consumers

Correct Answer: (c) detritivores

(a) Absence of soil organisms

(b) Least genetic diversity

(c) Absence of weeds

(d) Ecological succession

Correct Answer: (b) Least genetic diversity

(a) Lichens

(b) Liverworts

(c) Mosses

(d) Green algae

Correct Answer: (a) Lichens

(a) E.P. Odum

(b) A.G. Tansley

(c) E.Haeckel

(d) E. Warming

Correct Answer: (b) A.G. Tansley

(a) Grassland ecosystem

(b) Pond ecosystem

(c) Lake ecosystem

(d) Forest ecosystem

Correct Answer: (d) Forest ecosystem